Kommentare Wintersemester 2018/19
Veranstaltungsbeschreibungen in deutsch und für englisch-sprachige Master-Veranstatungen in englischer Sprache. Course descriptions in German and for English-taught Master courses in English.
Vorkurs Mathematik
Dozent: Dr. Andreas Härtel
Zeit: Blockveranstaltung ganztägig, vor Vorlesungsbeginn: Mo 01., Di 02., Do 04.- Sa 06.10.2018
Vorlesung: täglich 9-12
Übungen: nachmittgs 14-17 in Gruppen
Ort:
Mo im Großen HS Physik (Herrmann-Herder-Str. 3) - Lageplan
Di - Sa in HS Rundbau (Albertstrasse 21) - Lageplan
Link ILIAS
Programm:
Auffrischen mathematischer Grundkenntnisse:
Rechnen, Ableiten, Integrieren, Analytische Geometrie und Lineare Algebra, Statistik und Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung
Vorkenntnisse:
keine, Anmeldung nicht erforderlich!
Einführende Literatur:
- Glaeser, Der mathematische Werkzeugkasten, Elsevier (2006)
- Heft, Mathematischer Vorkurs, Elsevier (2006)
- Korsch, Mathematik-Vorkurs, Binomi Verlag (2004)
- Weltner, Mathematik für Physiker (12. Auflage), Springer (2001)
Wissenschaftliches Programmieren
Dozent: PD Dr. Michael Walter
Zeit: 2 + 2 st., Di 10-12
Ort: HS I
Beginn: 16.10.2018
Programm:
Einführung in das wissenschaftliche Programmieren am Beispiel der mächtigen Programmiersprache Python. Der Kurs behandelt die Grundlagen bis hin zu numerischen Problemen mit "numeric python", dem Grafikpaket "pylab/matplotlib", numerische Integration und das symbolische Rechnen mit "sympy".
Weitere Bestandteile sind eine Einführung in "Mathematica" (symbolisches Rechnen) und die Python-Schnittstelle zu ROOT (root.cern.ch) "PyROOT".
Voraussetzungen:
Bei Verwendung eines eigenen Rechners empfiehlt sich folgende Software zu installieren:
- jupyter notebook (http://jupyter.org) Möglichst mit Python3.
- Mathematica (http://www.rz.uni-freiburg.de/services/beschaffung/software/info-mathematica)
- Optional PyROOT (https://root.cern.ch). Installation ist recht schwierig und nicht unbedingt nötig. PyROOT wird auch am CIP-Pool bereit gestellt.
Einführende Literatur:
- Hans Petter Langtangen, A Primer on Scientific Programming, Springer Heidelberg, 2014, ISBN 978-3-642-54959-5
- https://scipy-lectures.github.io/
Experimentalphysik I
(Mechanik, Gase und Flüssigkeiten)
Dozent: apl Prof. Dr. Horst Fischer
Zeit: 4 + 2 st., Mo, Mi 10-12
Ort: Gr. HS
Beginn: 15.10.2018
Programm:
- Kinematik des Massenpunktes und Newtonsche Mechanik:
Gleichförmige und gleichmäßig beschleunigte Bewegung, Newtonsche Gesetze, Inertialsysteme, Galilei Transformation, kinetische und potentielle Energie, Impuls - Mechanik starrer und deformierbarer Körper:
Schwerpunkt, Trägheitsmomente, Steinerscher Satz, Haft-/Gleitreibung - Schwingungen und Wellen:
Erzwungene und gedämpfte Schwingung, Resonanz, gekoppelte Oszillatoren, Ausbreitung von Wellen, stehende Wellen, Akustik - Gase und Flüssigkeiten:
Kinetische Gastheorie, Geschwindigkeitsverteilung, Druck, Hydrostatik, Strömungen, Kontinuitätsgleichung - Wärmelehre und Thermodynamik:
Wärmekapazität, Wärmetransport, innere Energie, Erster Hauptsatz der Thermodynamik, ideales Gas, adiabatische Zustandsänderung, Zweiter Hauptsatz der Thermodynamik, Entropie, Carnot Prozess, Aggregatzustände
Vorkenntnisse:
Schulphysik und -mathematik, Inhalte des Vorkurs Mathematik (empfohlen, Skript online)
Einführende Literatur:
- Gerthsen, Physik, Springer-Verlag
- Tipler, Physik, Spektrum Verlag
- W. Demtröder, Experimentalphysik 1, Mechanik und Wärme, Springer-Verlag
Experimentalphysik III
(Spezielle Relativitätstheorie, Optik und Quantenphysik)
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Oliver Waldmann
Zeit: 4 + 2 st., Di, Mi 8-10
Ort: Gr. HS
Beginn: 16.10.2018
Programm:
Die Vorlesung Experimentalphysik III vermittelt die experimentellen Grundlagen im Bereich der Optik, Atom- und Quantenphysik.
Folgende Themen werden behandelt:
- Grundlagen der speziellen Relativitätstheorie: Inertialsysteme, Lorentz- Transformation, Zeitdilatation, Längenkontraktion
- Fortgeschrittene Optik: Polarisation von Licht, Doppelbrechung, Polarisa- tionsoptik, Gaußsche Strahlen, optische Resonatoren, Laser, Grundlagen der nicht-linearen Optik
- Quantenphysik: Quantenphänomene, Unschärferelation, Schrödinger-Gleichung, Axiome der Quantenmechanik, Bahn-Drehimpulse, Wasserstoffatom
- Struktur einfacher atomarer Systeme, Periodensystem, Wechselwirkung Licht-Materie
Vorkenntnisse:
Experimentalphysik I und II
Einführende Literatur:
Experimentalphysik V
(Kern- und Elementarteilchenphysik)
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Beate Heinemann
Zeit: 4 + 2 st., Mi, Fr 10-12
Ort: HS II
Beginn: 17.10.2018
Programm:
- Grundlagen von Streu- und Zerfallsprozessen
- Struktur und Eigenschaften von Atomkernen, Kernmodelle und Kernzer- fälle
- Teilchenbeschleuniger und Teilchendetektoren
- Anwendungen der Kern- und Teilchenphysik
- Symmetrien, Spektrum der Elementarteilchen, elektromagnetische, starke und schwache Wechselwirkung
- Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik und seine Grenze
Vorkenntnisse:
Experimentalphysik I-IV
Einführende Literatur:
Analysis für Physiker
Dozent: apl Prof. Dr. Heinz-Peter Breuer
Zeit: 4 + 2 st., Di, Mi 8-10
Ort: HS I
Beginn: 16.10.2018
Link ILIAS
Inhalt:
- Grundlagen der Mengenlehre, Äquivalenz- und Ordnungsrelationen
- Einführung in die komplexen Zahlen, Euler-Formel, Beziehungen zu trigo- nometrischen und hyperbolischen Funktionen.
- Beweisverfahren
- Funktionen, Umkehrfunktionen
- Folgen, Grenzwerte, Cauchy-Grenzwert, offenen und geschlossene Mengen
- Reihen, Konvergenzkriterien, Stetigkeit von Funktionen
- Ableitung von (auch mehrkomponentigen) Funktionen, auch in mehreren Variablen, Ableitungsregeln
- Koordinatensysteme, speziell Polar-, Zylinder- und Kugelkoordinaten.
- ntegration, Integrationsregeln, Wegintegration, Flächen- und Volumenintegration, Gaußscher und Stokes’scher Satz
Vorkenntnisse:
Empfohlen werden die Inhalte des Vorkurs Mathematik (ein Skript ist über die Webseite verfügbar).
Einführende Literatur:
Theoretische Physik II
(Elektrodynamik)
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Michael Thoss
Zeit: 4 + 2 st., Mo, Do 10-12
Ort: HS I
Beginn: 15.10.2018
Link ILIAS
Programm:
- Elektrostatik
- Magnetostatik
- Elektromagnetische Wellen, Optik
- Elektrodynamik und Relativitätstheorie
Vorkenntnisse:
Analysis für Physiker, Lineare Algebra, Theoretische Physik I
Literatur:
- W. Nolting, Grundkurs Theoretische Physik 3: Elektrodynamik, Springer
- D.J. Griffiths, Elektrodynamik: Eine Einführung, Pearson
- T. Fließbach, Elektrodynamik, Spektrum
- J. D. Jackson, Klassische Elektrodynamik, de Gruyter
Theoretische Physik IV
(Statistische Physik)
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Tanja Schilling
Zeit: 4 + 2 st., Mo 12-14, Di 10-12
Ort: Mo HS I, Di HS II
Beginn: 15.10.2018
Programm:
- Grundlagen der theoretischen Thermodynamik. Postulate und Hauptsaetze der Thermodynamik, thermodynamische Potenziale, Legendre-Transformationen; thermische und kalorische Zustandsgleichung, Maxwell-Relationen, einfache Beziehungen zwischen Materialgrößen; speziell die Zustandsgrößen und Beziehungen beim freien Gas. Zyklische Prozesse, Wirkungsgrad.
- mikroskopische Beschreibung von thermodynamischen Gleichgewichtszuständen (Gesamtheiten).
- Freie Quantengase: Bose-Gas, Fermi-Gas bei tiefen Temperaturen, Photonen (Planck'sche Strahlungsformel), Phononen, thermodynamische Freiheitsgrade.
- Einführung in die Theorie der Phasenübergänge, Landau-Theorie des Phasenübergangs, kritische Exponenten.
Vorkenntnisse:
Theoretische Physik I-III, Analysis und Lineare Algebra
Einführende Literatur:
- R. Jelitto, Theoretische Physik 6: Thermodynamik und statistische Physik
- W. Nolting, Theoretische Physik 6: Statistische Physik
Seminar Physik: Perkolation
Dozenten: Prof. Dr. Tanja Schilling, Dr. Andreas Härtel, Dr. Anja Kuhnold
Zeit: 2 st, Di 16-18
Ort: SR I
Programm:
Was haben Ölfelder mit Ameisen in einem Labyrinth gemein?
Was ist eine fraktale Dimension?
Was kann Perkolationstheorie leisten, um textile Elektroden zu entwickeln?
In diesem Seminar werden wir diesen Fragen nachgehen und den Begriff Perkolation sowie dessen Definition und Anwendung behandeln. Das Seminar wird im Stile eines Proseminars gehalten.
Seminar Physik: Ultrakurz und ultraintensiv: Experimente an neuartigen Lichtquellen
Dozenten: apl Prof. Dr. Bernd von Issendorff, Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Sansone
Zeit: 2 st, tba
Ort:
Programm:
Seminar Physik: Physik des Lebens bei niedrigen Reynolds-Zahlen
Dozenten: Dr. Thomas Pfohl, Dr. Constanze Lamprecht
Zeit: 2 st, tba
Ort:
Programm:
In diesem Seminar werden wir Fragen nachgehen, die die Physik und (laminare) Hydrodynamik von lebenden Systemen behandeln.
Wie schwimmt man in Honig oder Teer?
Welche physikalische Tricks verwenden die Erreger der Schlafkrankheit und Malaria?
Was hat Strömung mit der Entwicklung von Embryos zu tun?
Blut?! Physik der Flüssigkeit des Lebens!
Was kann man von Schleimpilzen für „lebende, adaptive und energieautonome Materialsysteme“ (livMatS) lernen?
Datenanalyse für Naturwissenschaftler/innen: Statistische Methoden in Theorie und Praxis
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Markus Schumacher
Zeit: 4 + 2 st., Mo, Di 14-16 (Di 14-tgl.)
Ort: HS II
Beginn: 15.10.2018
Programm:
Zur Einführung werden die Konzepte und Rechenmethoden der Statistik vorgestellt. Es werden die wichtigsten Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilungen mit ihren Eigenschaften und Anwendungsbereichen diskutiert. Die "Monte-Carlo-Methode" zur Simulation von Zufallsereignissen wird besprochen.
Ein wichtiger Teil der Vorlesung behandelt die Parameterschätzung mit den Methoden der "Maximum Likelihood" und der "kleinsten Fehlerquadrate".
Im letzten Teil der Vorlesung geht es dann um den Test von statistischen Hypothesen, d.h. es wird erklärt, wie man die Signifikanz berechnet, mit der eine Hypothese akzeptiert oder zurückgewiesen wird. Außerdem wird besprochen, wie Konfidenzintervalle und Ausschlussgrenzen bestimmt werden.
Die Vorlesung wird von Übungen begleitet, in denen u. a. auch simulierte Datensätze mit dem Computer erzeugt und statistisch ausgewertet werden.
Vorkenntnisse:
Elementare Kenntnisse der Differential- und Integralrechnung.
Einführende Literatur:
- Cowan, Statistical Data Analysis, Oxford Univ Press
- Brandt, Datenanalyse: Mit statistischen Methoden und Computerprogrammen, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag
- Barlow, Statistics: A Guide to the Use of Statistical Methods in the Physical Sciences, Wiley VCH
- Blobel und Lohrmann, Statistische und numerische Methoden der Datenanalyse, Teubner Verlag
Biophysik der Zelle
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Alexander Rohrbach, Dr. Felix Jünger
Zeit: 3 + 2 st., Di 10-13
Ort: IMTEK, Gebäude 101, SR 01-018
Beginn: 16.10.2018
Programm:
Die Vorlesung stellt einen Streifzug durch die moderne Zellbiophysik dar, adressiert Fragen der aktuellen Forschung und stellt moderne Untersuchungsmethoden vor. Dies beinhaltet klassische, aber auch neueste physikalische Modelle und Theorien, welche in Kombination mit raffinierten Messmethoden einen erheblichen Fortschritt in der Biophysik, ermöglicht haben. Die angewandten physikalischen Methoden beflügeln nicht nur die Biologie und Medizin, sondern auch die Physik komplexer Systeme, welche mit der lebenden Zelle ein unvergleichliches Niveau an Selbstorganisation und Komplexität erreicht. Die Vorlesung richtet sich an Physiker und Ingenieure im Hauptstudium. Sie bietet eine bunte Mischung aus Physik, Biologie und Chemie, Mathematik und Ingenieurswissenschaft, welche mit zahlreichen Bildern und Animationen (sowie den Übungen) veranschaulicht werden.
Themen:
- Struktur und Aufbau der Zelle oder Das Rezept für zellbiophysikalische Forschung
- Diffusion und Fluktuationen
- Mess- und Manipulationstechniken
- Biologisch relevante Kräfte
- Biophysik der Proteine
- Polymerphysik
- Viskoelastizität und Mikro-Rheologie
- Die Dynamik des Zytoskeletts
- Molekulare Motoren
- Membranphysik
Vorkenntnisse:
Einführende Literatur:
- Joe Howard: Mechanics of Motor Proteins and the Cytoskeleton
- Gary Boal: Mechanics of the Cell
- Rob Phillips : Physical Biology of the Cell
Kontextorientierung und Physik im Alltag
Dozent: Professoren und Dozenten der PH und des Physikalischen Instituts
Zeit: 3 + 2 st., Do 14-16
Ort: SR III
Beginn: 18.10.2018
Dieses Seminar richtet sich an Studierende im M.Ed.
Terminübersicht und Themen:
Datum | Thema | Dozent |
18.10. | Kontextorientierung eine Übersicht | Schwichow |
25.10. | Empirische Befunde zur Wirkung von Kontexten | Schwichow |
01.11. | Allerheiligen | |
08.11. | Interesse an Physik und Physikunterricht | Schwichow |
15.11. | Physik und Gender | Schwichow |
22.11. | Anchor Instruction Ansatz | Schwichow |
29.11. | Kontextorientierte Aufgaben gestalten | Schwichow |
06.12. | Kontextorientierte Aufgaben gestalten | Schwichow |
13.12. | ||
Ausgewählte Themen: | ||
20.12. | Quantencomputer | Buchleitner |
10.01. | Adaptive Netzwerke | Filk |
17.01. | Physik in der Küche | Schilling |
24.01. | From Science to the patients' bedside | Timmer |
31.01. | Sonnenaktivität und deren Einfluss auf technologische Systeme (Satelliten, Navigationssysteme, Raumfahrt, Stromversorgung) und Klima | Roth |
07.02. | Radioaktivität und Kernphysik im Alltag | Schumann |
Advanced Quantum Mechanics
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Stefan Dittmaier
Time: 4 + 3 st., Mi, Fr 10-12
Room: HS I
Start: 17.10.2018
Lecture Link
Content:
- Recapitulation of basic qm. principles
- Mathematical background
- Qm. states, observables, and measurements
- Correspondence principle and time evolution
- Symmetries in quantum mechanics
- Symmetry transformations and Wigner's theorem
- Elements of group theory
(representations, irreducibility, Schur's lemma, finite groups, Lie groups, Lie algebras) - Space translations
(continuous and discrete translations, Bloch's theorem) - Rotations
(SO(3) and SU(2), irreducible representations, Wigner's D functions, orbital angular momentum and spin, addition of angular momenta, irreducible tensors, Wigner-Eckart theorem)
- Approximation methods
- WKB method
- Time-independent perturbation theory
- Variational method
- Time-dependent perturbation theory
- Scattering theory
- Potential scattering
(Green's functions, wave packets, Lippmann-Schwinger equation, perturbation theory, partial-wave analysis, optical theorem, resonances, complex potentials) - Basics of general scattering theory
(T matrix, S matrix, cross sections, decay widths, general optical theorem)
- Potential scattering
- Quantization of the electromagnetic field
- Free electromagnetic fields
(Classical fields, quantization in the Coulomb gauge) - Interacting electromagnetic fields
(Classical fields, quantization in the Coulomb gauge, 1-electron atoms in quantized radiation field)
- Free electromagnetic fields
- Relativistic quantum mechanics
Prerequisites
Mechanics, Electrodynamics, Quantum Mechanics
Literature:
- Bransden/Joachain: "Physics of atoms and molecules"
- Cohen-Tannoudji: "Quantenmechanik, Band 1+2"
- Landau/Lifschitz: "Quantenmechanik, Lehrbuch der Theoretischen Physik, Band 3"
- Messiah: "Quantenmechanik, Band 1+2"
- Nolting:
- "Grundkurs Theoretische Physik 5/1: Quantenmechanik - Grundlagen"
- "Grundkurs Theoretische Physik 5/2: Quantenmechanik - Methoden und Anwendungen"
- Sakurai: "Modern Quantum Mechanics" and "Advanced Quantum Mechanics"
- Scheck: "Theoretische Physik 2: Nichtrelativistische Quantentheorie Vom Wasserstoffatom zu den Vielteilchensystemen"
- Straumann: "Quantenmechanik: Ein Grundkurs über nichtrelativistische Quantentheorie"
- Weinberg: "Lectures on Quantum Mechanics"
Specific literature on group theory applied to QM:
- Hamermesh: "Group Theory and Its Application to Physical Problems"
- Tung: "Group Theory in Physics"
Introduction to General Relativity
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Jochum van der Bij
Time: 4 + 3 st., Mo, Di 10-12
Room: SR I
Start: 15.10.2018
Tutorials: Fr 14-17, SR I
Program:
- Equivalence principles: Minkowski space, Poincare group, space-time diagrams, world lines, proper time and distance, application to simple phenomena (elevator thought experiments, twin paradox, relativistic Doppler effect, accelerated systems), Lorentz transformations and general coordinate transformations.
- Differential geometry: manifolds and tangent spaces, forms, metric tensor, integration, Stoke’s theorem, outer derivative, Lie derivative, covariant derivative and Christoffel symbols, parallel transport, geodesics, curvature (Riemann tensor, Weyl tensor, Ricci tensor and scalar), torsion, Killing vectors, Riemann coordinates.
- Dynamics of the gravitational field: Einstein equations, cosmological constant, energy-momentum tensor of matter systems (perfect fluids, point particles, Klein-Gordon and Maxwell theory).
- Effects based on post-Newtonian approximations: red/blue shift effects, rotation of the perihel, effect of gravitation on clocks, deflection of light.
- Gravitational waves: perturbative expansion of field equations, gauge invariance, origin and detection of gravitational waves.
- Classical space times: Minkowski, Rindler, Schwarzschild, Kerr, Reissner-Nordstrøm, Kerr-Newman geometries; Robertson-Walker metrics, Friedmann universes and deSitter space. Discussion of causal structure, geodesic completeness, key coordinate systems and Carter-Penrose diagrams.
- Optional: Einstein-Hilbert action and variational principle.
- Optional: Modern topics in cosmology: CMB, the Inflation Model.
Prerequisits:
Electrodynamics, special relativity, Lagrangian mechanics
Literature:
Theoretical Quantum Optics
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Andreas Buchleitner
Time: 4 + 2 st., Di 14-16, Do 12-14
Room: Di HS I, Do HS Hermann-Herder-Str. 5
Start: 16.10.2018
Tutorials: Do 14-16, HS II
Program:
- Introduction
- Quantum mechanics
Hilbert space, operators, states, Schrödinger-, Heisenberg- and interaction picture - Quantized electromagnetic field
classical field, quantisation, coherent states, squeezed states, phase space representation, field correlations, photon counting statistics - Light-matter interaction: general overview
emission, absorption, scattering, multi-photon processes, radiation corrections, interaction induced by photon exchange - Coherent interaction of a two-level atom with a single field mode
Bloch representation, Jaynes-Cummings model, Rabi oscillations, dressed states - Incoherent interaction of a two-level atom with the electromagnetic continuum
master equation, spontaneuous emission, optical Bloch equations, quantum regression theorem, resonance fluorescence
Prerequisits:
Theoretical Physics I - IV
Literature:
- C. Cohen-Tannoudji, J. Dupont-Roc, G. Grynberg, Atom-Photon-Interactions
- L. Mandel, E. Wolf, Optical coherence and quantum optics
- R. Loudon, The quantum theory of light
- R. J. Glauber, Quantum theory of optical coherence
Classical Complex Systems
Lecturer: PD Dr. Gerhard Stock
Time: 4 + 2 st., Mo 10-12, Di 12-14
Room: SR GMH
Start: 15.10.2018
lecture link
Synopsis:
Recent advances in theoretical and computational sciences has made it possible to achieve a "first principles" description of complex phenomena, such as the dynamical properties of materials and the functional motion of biomolecules. To this end, the lecture aims to provide an introduction into basic computational strategies (such as molecular dynamics and Monte-Carlo simulations) as well as powerful statistical theories (such as Langevin and Master Equations). The lessions are accompanied by computer exercises, which provide an hands-on experience of the topics.
Preliminary Program:
I. Introduction
II. Simulation Approach
- First Principles Description
- Probability Distributions and Sampling
- Molecular Dynamics and Monte-Carlo Simulations
- Description of Time-dependent Phenomena
III. Simulation Approach
- First Principles Description
- Probability Distributions and Sampling
- Molecular Dynamics and Monte-Carlo Simulations
- Description of Time-dependent Phenomena
IV. Nonlinear Dynamics
- Theory of Deterministic Chaos
- Nonlinear Models
Literature:
- H.J.C. Berendsen: Simulating the Physical World
- R. Zwanzig: Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics
- N.G. van Kampen: Stochastic processes in Physics and Chemistry
Particle Detectors
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Marc Schumann
Time: 4 st., Do 10-12, Fr 12-14
Room: SR I
Start: 18.10.2018
Tutorials: 2 st, n.V.
Programme:
In this lecture the principles of particle detection, the basic measurement concepts and technical realisations are presented. After the discussion of individual detector components and detection principles, complete, large-scale detector systems in particle and astro-particle physics are discussed. In addition, some selected applications in medical imaging and other areas are presented.
Topics:
- Basic interactions of charged and neutral particles
- Measurement of ionisation
- Position and momentum measurements
- Time measurements
- Energy measurement in calorimeters
- Particle identification
- Detector systems in particle and astro-particle physics
- Selected applications in other areas
Prerequisits:
Bachelor studies, Experimental Physics V (Nuclear and Particle Physics)
Literature:
- H. Kolanoski und N. Wermes, Teilchendetektoren, Springer Verlag
- K. Kleinknecht, Detectors for Particle Radiation, Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition (2008)
- W.R. Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments, Springer Verlag
- C. Grupen, Teilchendetektoren, BI Wissenschaftsverlag
Advanced Atomic and Molecular Physics
Lecturer: Dr. Katrin Dulitz, Prof. Dr. Frank Stienkemeier
Time: 4 + 2 st., Mo 12-14, Di 10-12
Room: SR GMH
Start: 15.10.2018
Tutorials: n.V.
Link ILIAS
Program:
(1) Molecular energy levels
- electronic, vibrational and rotational states of diatomic and polyatomic molecules
- molecular Rydberg states
(2) Molecular spectroscopy
- time-resolved vs frequency-resolved spectroscopy
- molecular transitions and selection rules
- measurable quantities in spectroscopy
- applications of group theory to molecular spectroscopy
(3) Atomic and molecular interactions and collisions
- interatomic and intermolecular interactions
- basic concepts of collision theory
- probing molecular structure in collision experiments
(4) Modern techniques in atomic and molecular physics
- ultracold atoms: laser cooling, Bose Einstein condensation
- optical lattices and atomic clocks
- cold molecules
- trapping of atoms, molecules and ions
Prerequisits:
Experimental Physics I-IV
Literature:
tba
Advanced Particle Physics
Lecturer: Dr. Christian Weiser
Time: 4 + 2 st., Mo 10-12, Di 12-14
Room: Mo HS II, Di SR I
Start: 15.10.2018
Tutorials: Mi 14-16, HS II
Program:
- Introduction
(recapitulation of notation, relativistic kinematics, natural units, particle content of Standard Model, forces, Feynman diagrams, conservation laws) - The electromagnetic interaction: Quantum electrodynamics (QED)
(QED as first local gauge theory, gauge principle, Lagrangian formulation, renormalisation, running coupling, experimental tests) - The strong interaction: Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)
(QCD as non abelian gauge theory, phenomenology, experimental tests) - From the weak interaction to the electroweak Standard Model
(parity violation, CP violation, electroweak „unification“, phenomenology, experimental tests) - The Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism in the Standard Model
(theory, phenomenology and experimental tests) - Neutrino physics
(masses, oscillations, Dirac vs. Majorana nature , theory and experimental status) - Limitations of the Standard Model
Building on the knowledge acquired in the course Experimental Physics V (Kerne und Teilchen), the Standard Model of particle physics is discussed in detail. The fundamental concepts, the phenomenological consequences, and experimental tests are presented. Students will also learn how to evaluate simple Feynman diagrams. Limitations of the Standard Model, which motivate the search for extensions will be discussed at the end. The lectures are complemented by exercises, including computer simulations, with the aim to provide a solid foundation in experimental particle physics.
Prerequisits: Experimentalphysik V, Kern- und Teilchenphysik
Literature:
- F.Halzen und A.D.Martin, Quarks & Leptons, Wiley-Verlag.
- P. Schmüser, Feynman-Graphen und Eichtheorien für Experimentalphysiker, Springer-Verlag.
- D. Griffiths, Introduction to Elementary Particles, Wiley-VCH-Verlag.
- M. Thomson, Modern Particle Physics, Cambridge University Press.
Advanced Condensed Matter I: Solid State Physics
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Tobias Lau
Time: 4 + 2 st., Di 14-16, Mi 12-14
Room: SR GMH
Start: 16.10.2018
Tutorials: Mi 8-10, SR GMH
Program:
- Atomic structure of matter
- lattice dynamics, phonons
- electronic structure of materials
- optical properties
- magnetism/superconductivity
Prerequisits: Experimentalphysik I-III
Literature:
- tba
Theoretical Astrophysics I: Astrobiology
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Svetlana Berdyugina
Zeit: 3 + 2 st, Do 14-17
Ort: SR Kiepenheuer-Institut
Beginn: 25.10.2018
Lecture link
Programme:
Astrobiology is the science that addresses the questions on the origins, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the Universe. Organic matter is a fundamental constituent of living systems and represents the substance from which life has been generated on the early Earth. The distribution of organic matter in the Universe has a direct influence on where life could originate. In this lecture course we will examine the major environments in which organic matter is created, including debris of the interstellar medium, organic-rich circumstellar envelopes, solar nebula, and the prebiotic Earth. We will study the main energy sources for the life and learn how to find life on exoplanets. The course is given in English.
Prerequisits:
Literature:
Physics of Medical Imaging Methods
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Michael Bock
Time: 2 + 1 st., Do 12-14
Room: Uniklinik, Killianstr. 5a, Seminarroom
Start: 18.10.2018
Tutorials: Mo 14-15:30, CIP II
Program:
Medical imaging is becoming increasingly important in the detection of disease, in the management of the patients, and in the monitoring of a therapy. In this lecture the physical basics of different medical imaging technologies will be presented, and different clinical application scenarios will be discussed. The following topics will be addressed:
- overview over the physics of medical imaging
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- magnetisation, Bloch equations, relaxation times T1 and T2
- spin gymnastics and image contrast
- magnets, gradients and radio-frequency coils
- quantitative MRI
- functional MRI, flow, diffusion, perfusion measurements
- Nuclear Medicine
- principles of radio-tracer detection
- scintigraphy
- single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
- positron emission tomography (PET)
- ultrasound (US)
- sound generation and propagation in tissue
- US imaging
- Doppler US
- therapeutic applications of US (Lithotrypsy)
- X-ray Imaging
- properties and generation of X-rays
- fluoroscopy
- computed tomography
- image reconstruction from projections
- role of medical imaging in
- the detection of disease
- in patient management
- therapy monitoring
Prerequisits:
Literature:
- Oppelt A: Imaging Systems for Medical Diagnostics
- Dössel O: Bildgebende Verfahren in der Medizin: Von der Technik zur medizinischen Anwendung
Theory and Modeling of Macromolecules and Complex Fluids
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Joachim Dzubiella
Time: 4 + 2 st., Di, Do 9-11
Room: SR Westbau 2.OG
Start: 16.10.2018
Tutorials: Fr 10-12, SR Westbau 2.OG
Program:
Macromolecules and complex fluids are integral components in the development of modern soft and 'smart' functional materials, e.g., for applications in medicine or energy storage devices. This lecture introduces the theoretical physics and multi-scale modeling of simple and (macro)molecular fluids (solvent, electrolyte, colloids, polymers, etc.) based on equilibrium classical statistical mechanics, liquid-state theory, and polymer physics approaches.
- Statistical Mechanics of interacting systems
- Liquid state theory
- spatial and temporal correlations function
- electrostatically charged fluids
- fluids and phase transitions
- interfaces
- polymers
- Multscale modeling, coarse-graining
Prerequisits:
Basic knowledge in Statistical Mechanics
Literature:
- Hansen & McDonald, Theory of Simple Liquids, Academic Press
- Barrat & Hansen, Basic Concepts for Simple and Complex Liquids, Cambridge University Press
Crystal Growth Technology
Lecturer:PD Dr. A. Danilewsky
Time: 2 st., Fr 9-11
Room: R 01 015 (HS 209, Hermann-Herder-Str. 5)
Start:
link
Program:
- Fundamentals of crystal growth basics and methods is given. The overview is followed by a discussion of current aspects of bulk crystal growth for scientific and commercial production. These aspects are the use of external fields under high pressure and gravity fields like microgravity.
- The principles of thermodynamic equilibrium in growth systems are introduced and examples are applied.
- The problems of large industrial crystals and the solution with the use of simulation tools are presented.
Prerequisits:
Basic knowledge of solid state physics and crystallography
Literature:
- Hurle, D.T.J. (ed.) (1993-1994): Handbook of Crystal Growth, vols 1a-2b. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1352.
- Dhanaraj, G., Byrappa, K., Prasad, V., Dudley, M. (Eds.) (2010): Handbook of Crystal Growth. Springer, Berlin, 1818.
- Duffar, T. (Ed.) (2010): Crystal Growth processes based on capillarity. Wiley, Chichester, 566.
- Rudolph, P. Handbook of Crystal Growth (2015), 2nd Ed. vols 1a-2b. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Theory and Modeling of Materials: Electronic-Structure Theory of Condensed Matter I
Lecturer: apl Prof. Dr. Christian Elsässer
Time: 2 + 1 st., Fr 8-10
Room: SR I
Start: 19.10.2018
Tutorials: 14-tägig, 2 st., n.V.
ECTS points: 3 (three) for attendance of lectures only; 3+2 (five) for attendance of lectures, participation in exercises, and final oral exam.
Program:
The series of one- or two-semester elective-subject lectures introduces theoretical models and computational methods of solid-state physics for the description of many-electron systems, by means of which cohesion and structure, physical, chemical, or mechanical properties of perfect crystals and real materials can be understood qualitatively and calculated quantitatively on a microscopic fundament.
The lecture series comprises two courses:
- Electronic-structure theory of condensed matter I (WS 18/19)
- Electronic-structure theory of condensed matter I (SS 19)
Prerequisits:
Theoretical physics and solid-state physics on the level of a BSc in Physics
Literature:
Quantum Field Theory II
Dozent: JProf. Dr. Harald Ita
Zeit: 4 st., Mi 12-14, Fr 14-16
Ort: SR III
Übungen: Fr 10-12, SR III
Beginn: 17.10.2018
Lecture link
Program:
- Path Integral, perturbation theory, Feynman diagrams
- Gauge theories and their quantisation, BRST symmetry
- Gauge theory of strong interaction, quantum corrections and renormalisation
- Jet production in lepton collisions
- Deep inelastic scattering
- Parton Model for hadron collisions, parton distribution functions, DGLAP evolution
- Quantum effects in Drell-Yan process
Prerequisits:
QFT I, Electrodynamics and Special Relativity
Literature:
Textbooks:
- Peskin/Schroeder: "An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory"
- Schwartz, "Quantum Field Theory and the Standard Model"
- Coleman: "Notes from Sidney Coleman's Physics 253a" available online
- Itzykson/Zuber: "Quantum Field Theory"
- Weinberg: "The Quantum Theory of Fields, Vol.1,2"
- Sexl, Urbantke: "Relativität, Gruppen, Teilchen"
- Cvitanovic: "Field Theory", the Nordita 1983 Lecture notes available online
More advanced Textbooks:
- Böhm/Denner/Joos: "Gauge Theories of the Strong and Electroweak Interaction"
- Nakahara: "Geometry, Topology and Physics"
Experimental Polymer Physics
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Günter Reiter
Time: Do, Fr 8-10
Room: HS I
Start: 18.10.2018
Lecture link
Program:
We can't imagine life and technology today without polymers, if you think of materials like PET bottles and PVC, nylon, teflon or rubber. Also in nature biopolymers are ubiquitous, e.g. DNA, proteins or cellulose. This lecture will give an introduction into the experimental and theoretical concepts in understanding and characterisation of polymer systems. Both, applied and material aspects will be discussed - like polymer flow, elastomers and crystalline polymers - as well as present topics of fundamental research, e.g. glass transition, dynamics in confined geometries and self assembly. The lecture will deal with basic theoretical concepts and descriptive experiments. It will start with simple single chain phenomena and step by step develop more complex structures and dynamics of polymer solutions, melts and blends.
Prerequisits:
Grundvorlesungen und etwas Thermodynamik
Literature:
- G. Strobl, The Physics of Polymers
- Colby & Rubinstein, Polymer Physics
Photonic Microscopy
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Alexander Rohrbach, Dr. Felix Jünger
Time: 3 + 2 st., Mi 13-16
Room: SR I
Start: 17.10.2018
Program:
- Microscopy: History, Presence and Future
- Wave- and Fourier-Optics
- 3D optical imaging and information transfer
- Contrast enhancement by Fourier-filtering
- Fluorescence – basics and techniques
- Scanning microscopy: from confocal to 4pi microscopy
- Microscopy with self-reconstructing beams
- Optical tomography
- Nearfield and evanescent field microscopy
- Super-resolution using structured illumination
- Multi-Photon-Microscopy
- Super resolution by switching single molecules
About the lecture:
The scientific breakthroughs and technological developments in optical microscopy and imaging have experienced a real revolution over the last 10-15 years. Hence, the 2014 Nobel-Prize for super-resolution microscopy could be seen as a logical consequence. This lecture gives an overview about physical principles and techniques used in modern photonic imaging.
Goals:
The student should learn how to guide light through optical systems, how optical information can be described very advantageously by three-dimensional transfer functions in Fourier space, how phase information can be transformed to amplitude information to generate image contrast. Furthermore one should experience that wave diffraction is not reducing the information and how to circumvent the optical resolution limit. The student should learn to distinguish between coherent and incoherent imaging, learn about modern techniques using self-reconstructing laser beams, two photon excitation, fluorophores depletion through stimulated emission (STED) or multi-wave mixing by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). The lecture has an ongoing emphasis on applications, but nevertheless presents a mixture of fundamental physics, compact mathematical descriptions and many examples and illustrations. The lecture aims to encompass the current state of a scientific field, which will influence the fields of nanotechnology and biology/medicine quite significantly.
In the tutorials the contents of the lecture will be strengthened and consolidated. In particular transfer thinking will be trained. The students must work on the weekly distributed exercises and then present the results in class after one week. The solutions of the more difficult exercises might be presented by the tutor.
Prerequisits:
Literature:
Group Theory for Atomic, Molecular and Solid State Physics
Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Sansone
Time: 3 + 2 st., Di 8-10, Fr 9-10
Room: SR GMH
Start: 16.10.2018
Tutorials: 2 st., Do 10-12, SR GMH
Contents:
Fundamental concepts in group theory
- Symmetry operations and point groups
- Equivalent, reproducible and Irreducible representations
- Character tables
- Full rotation group and angular momentum
Application of group theory to quantum mechanics
- Molecular vibrations and normal modes
- Molecular orbital theory and hybrid orbitals
- Selection rules for vibrational and electronic transitions
- Solid state theory
- Clebsh-Gordan coefficients and Wigner-Eckart theorem
Prerequisits/Previous knowledge:
Experimental physics, Introductory course on quantum mechanics
Literature:
Biophysics of cardiac function and signals
Lecturer: Dr. Gunnar Seemann, Prof. Dr. Peter Kohl, Dr. Franziska Schneider, Dr. Remi Peyronnet
Time: 2 + 1 st., Fr 12-14
Room: SR III
Start: 19.10.2018
Tutorials: 1 st. n.V.
Program:
The basic concept of this lecture is to examine a biological system, analyse it and define mathematical equations in order to describe the system. In this lecture, the heart is used as this system. The students learn the electrical and mechanical function of the heart and its modelling. Additionally, the bioelec-trical signals that are generated in the human body are described and how these signals can be measured, interpreted and processed. The content is explained both on the biological level and based mathematical modelling.
- Cell membrane and ion channels
- Cellular electrophysiology
- Conduction of action potentials
- Cardiac contraction and electromechanical interactions
- Optogenetics in cardiac cells
- Numerical field calculation in the human body
- Measurement of bioelectrical signals
- Electrocardiography
- Imaging of bioelectrical sources
- Biosignal processing
Prerequisits:
Basic interest in biology and computational modelling. Knowledge in Matlab or Python are beneficial
Literature:
- lecture slides
High-Resolution Astrophysics
Dozent: Prof. Dr. Oskar von der Lühe
Time: 2 + 1 st., Mi 14-16
Room: SR Kiepenheuer-Institut
Start: 24.10.2018
Lecture link
Programme:
The lecture is targeted at students of the Master's curriculum in physics.
Prerequisits:
Experimental Physics I – IV.
Completion of an introductory course on astro-physics (e. g. bachelor course) is highly recommended.
Literature:
Term Paper: Deciphering the Higgs Sector
Lecturers: Prof. Dr. Markus Schumacher, Dr. Anne Kathrin Becker
Time:
Summary:
Term Paper: Modern Topics in Condensed Matter Physics
Lecturers: Prof. Dr. Michael Thoss, Dr. Junichi Okamoto, Dr. Martin Zonda
Time: 2 st, Mo 14-16, SR Westbau 2.OG
Summary:
This term paper seminar will cover selected topics of condensed matter physics comprising a variety of interesting phenomena and the theoretical tools necessary to understand the underlying physics. Specific topics will include macroscopic and topological quantum phenomena, dissipative processes and thermalization, basic models for spin systems and correlated electrons as well as important theories and techniques for equilibrium and nonequilibrium physics in condensed matter.
Term Paper: The Early Universe
Lecturers: apl Prof. Dr. Markus Roth, apl Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schmidt
Time:
Summary:
Term Paper: When physics meets biology
Lecturers: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Stock, Prof. Dr. Jens Timmer
Time: Mi 16-18, seminar room, Highrise 10. floor
Course Link
Summary: